{"id":31363,"date":"2025-10-29T17:44:26","date_gmt":"2025-10-29T16:44:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dokdoc.eu\/?p=31363"},"modified":"2025-10-29T22:47:06","modified_gmt":"2025-10-29T21:47:06","slug":"lesprit-de-robert-schuman","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dokdoc.eu\/fr\/2025\/10\/29\/lesprit-de-robert-schuman\/","title":{"rendered":"L\u2019esprit de Robert Schuman"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"Paul
Paul Collowald lors d’une table ronde autour du livre \u00ab\u00a0Paul Collowad. Pionnier d’une Europe \u00e0 unir\u00a0\u00bb, 8 janvier 2019 (Copyright: Philippe Bussin\/Union europ\u00e9enne 2019-PE)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Journaliste, Paul Collowald a consacr\u00e9 sa vie \u00e0 d\u00e9crypter la relation franco-allemande et \u00e0 raconter l\u2019histoire de la construction europ\u00e9enne. Il s\u2019est \u00e9teint en juillet dernier, \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e2ge de 102 ans.<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

N\u00e9 \u00e0 Wissembourg en 1923, Paul Collowald fut l\u2019un des premiers Fran\u00e7ais \u00e0 renouer le dialogue avec la jeunesse allemande, dans le cadre des efforts men\u00e9s par Joseph Rovan au sein de ce qui deviendra le Bureau International de Liaison et de Documentation (B.I.L.D.). \u00c0 22 ans d\u00e9j\u00e0, il exprimait sa volont\u00e9 de r\u00e9conciliation dans un article du Nouvel Alsacien<\/em>, avant de soutenir un manifeste sign\u00e9 par plusieurs intellectuels fran\u00e7ais, dont Albert Camus et Jean-Paul Sartre. Publi\u00e9 dans Esprit<\/em> (1947), le texte affirmait : \u00ab\u202fDivis\u00e9e, l\u2019Europe peut \u00eatre \u00e0 l\u2019origine de la guerre\u202f; unie, elle peut \u00eatre \u00e0 l\u2019origine de la paix. Nous ne sommes ni Russes, ni Am\u00e9ricains, mais citoyens d\u2019Europe.\u202f\u00bb<\/p>\n

Sa rencontre en 1949 avec le ministre fran\u00e7ais des Affaires \u00e9trang\u00e8res Robert Schuman, alors qu\u2019il couvrait en tant que journaliste la premi\u00e8re session du Conseil de l\u2019Europe \u00e0 Strasbourg, fut d\u00e9cisive. Elle orienta durablement sa carri\u00e8re et son engagement. D\u00e8s lors, Collowald s\u2019attacha \u00e0 mettre au centre de ses articles la port\u00e9e de la D\u00e9claration du 9 mai 1950. Toute sa vie, Collowald se r\u00e9f\u00e9ra \u00e0 ce texte fondateur qui \u00e9nonce que \u00ab\u202fl\u2019Europe ne se fera pas d\u2019un coup, ni dans une construction d\u2019ensemble\u202f: elle se fera par des r\u00e9alisations concr\u00e8tes cr\u00e9ant d\u2019abord une solidarit\u00e9 de fait\u202f\u00bb, et que \u00ab\u202fla mise en commun des productions de charbon et d\u2019acier changera le destin de ces r\u00e9gions longtemps vou\u00e9es \u00e0 la fabrication des armes de guerre dont elles ont \u00e9t\u00e9 les plus constantes victimes\u202f\u00bb. Deux phrases que, 75 ans plus tard, il estimait toujours dignes de m\u00e9ditation.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Au service de l\u2019information<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Correspondant du Monde<\/em> \u00e0 Strasbourg \u00e0 partir de 1952, Collowald entra en 1958 dans la fonction publique europ\u00e9enne o\u00f9 il contribua \u00e0 d\u00e9velopper l\u2019information destin\u00e9e \u00e0 ses confr\u00e8res. Apr\u00e8s les premiers atermoiements du projet communautaire, il s\u2019effor\u00e7a de nourrir le d\u00e9bat sur l\u2019Europe. En 1959, il mit en place le Service de presse de la Commission europ\u00e9enne et devint porte-parole de son vice-pr\u00e9sident Robert Marjolin, avant d\u2019\u00eatre nomm\u00e9 directeur g\u00e9n\u00e9ral de la Direction de l\u2019Information, fonction qu\u2019il occupa plus de dix ans (1973-1984). Collowald rejoignit ensuite Pierre Pflimlin (1907\u20132000) comme directeur g\u00e9n\u00e9ral de l\u2019information et des relations publiques au Parlement europ\u00e9en. Il aimait rappeler une phrase du g\u00e9n\u00e9ral de Gaulle, prononc\u00e9e en 1961 lors d\u2019un d\u00e9placement en Lorraine\u202f: \u00ab\u202fC\u2019est vous qui avez commenc\u00e9, et nous avons poursuivi votre \u0153uvre.\u202f\u00bb<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"Pierre
Pierre Pflimlin, pr\u00e9sident du Parlement europ\u00e9enn, visite le mus\u00e9e Robert Schuman et sa tombe \u00e0 Scy-Chazelles en compagnie de Paul Collowald, juin 1986 (Copyright: Communaut\u00e9s europ\u00e9ennes 1986-PE)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

 <\/p>\n

Retir\u00e9 des affaires mais toujours attentif \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9volution de l\u2019Europe, il r\u00e9pondit en 2014 aux questions de Sophie Allaux-Izoard pour un livre intitul\u00e9 J\u2019ai vu na\u00eetre l\u2019Europe<\/em><\/a>. Ce n\u2019\u00e9tait pas des m\u00e9moires, pr\u00e9cisait-il, mais un t\u00e9moignage fid\u00e8le \u00e0 sa vocation de serviteur de l\u2019id\u00e9al europ\u00e9en. Son message, \u00e0 rebours de l\u2019euroscepticisme ambiant, se voulait porteur d\u2019esp\u00e9rance\u202f: \u00ab\u202fIl n\u2019est pas trop tard, mais il est temps.\u202f\u00bb<\/p>\n

Un h\u00e9ritage de v\u00e9rit\u00e9 et d\u2019esp\u00e9rance<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Pionnier \u00ab\u202fimpatient, inquiet, mais pas r\u00e9sign\u00e9\u202f\u00bb, Collowald y rappelait que \u00ab\u202fles r\u00e9alit\u00e9s europ\u00e9ennes d\u2019aujourd\u2019hui sont faites, comme hier, de fortes imbrications de nature politique, \u00e9conomique, sociale et culturelle, le tout s\u2019inscrivant dans une histoire, avec des dates, des lieux et des hommes\u202f\u00bb. Son message \u00e0 la jeunesse \u00e9tait clair\u202f: l\u2019aventure europ\u00e9enne \u00ab\u202fn\u2019est pas seulement un bel h\u00e9ritage, mais reste un grand projet politique \u00e0 adapter et \u00e0 consolider pour faire face aux enjeux et aux d\u00e9fis d\u2019aujourd\u2019hui\u202f\u00bb.<\/p>\n

Paul Collowald voulait \u00eatre un t\u00e9moin cr\u00e9dible, capable de \u00ab\u202frestituer et transmettre, en croisant les archives et les t\u00e9moignages, la part de v\u00e9rit\u00e9 historique que l\u2019on doit pouvoir atteindre\u202f\u00bb. Il aimait citer l\u2019historien Fernand Braudel qui, dans une interview donn\u00e9e en 1983, d\u00e9clarait\u202f: \u00ab\u202fIl faut r\u00e9inventer les \u00c9tats-Unis d\u2019Europe. Autrement, on ne sauvera pas la culture europ\u00e9enne, ni m\u00eame l\u2019avenir \u00e9conomique de l\u2019Europe, qui d\u00e9pend d\u2019un certain sens de notre destin unitaire.\u202f\u00bb Et de r\u00e9it\u00e9rer vingt ans plus tard : \u00ab\u202fIl nous faut \u00e0 la fois pers\u00e9v\u00e9rer et r\u00e9inventer.\u202f\u00bb Un message qui, aujourd\u2019hui encore, conserve toute sa pertinence.<\/p>\n

Sa carri\u00e8re europ\u00e9enne n\u2019effa\u00e7a jamais son engagement dans les associations pr\u00f4nant la r\u00e9conciliation franco-allemande. L\u2019une de ses figures marquantes fut Joseph Rovan (1918\u20132004), qu\u2019il avait rencontr\u00e9 au camp de Dachau. D\u00e8s octobre 1945, Rovan s\u2019\u00e9tait distingu\u00e9 dans Esprit<\/em> par un article intitul\u00e9 L\u2019Allemagne de nos m\u00e9rites<\/em>, consid\u00e9r\u00e9 comme le point de d\u00e9part du rapprochement franco-allemand en Europe. Devenu pr\u00e9sident du B.I.L.D., Rovan accueillit Collowald au sein du conseil d\u2019administration de cette organisation, dont il gardera un souvenir profond toute sa vie.<\/p>\n

Collowald aimait raconter une anecdote illustrant, selon lui, que la franchise du dialogue n\u2019\u00e9tait pas un obstacle \u00e0 l\u2019amiti\u00e9. En 1994, il lan\u00e7a \u00e0 Joseph Rovan une \u00ab\u202famicale admonestation\u202f\u00bb\u202f: ce dernier avait \u00ab\u202foubli\u00e9\u202f\u00bb de citer la D\u00e9claration Schuman du 9 mai 1950 dans son ouvrage Histoire de l\u2019Allemagne<\/em>. Rovan y d\u00e9crivait longuement le projet d\u2019union europ\u00e9enne lanc\u00e9 dans les ann\u00e9es 1930 par Aristide Briand mais n\u2019y \u00e9voquait pas la complicit\u00e9 entre Robert Schuman et Konrad Adenauer \u2013 un sujet particuli\u00e8rement cher \u00e0 Collowald, qui se consid\u00e9rait comme le fid\u00e8le disciple de Schuman. Loin de s\u2019excuser, Joseph Rovan reconnut avec modestie n\u2019avoir eu \u00ab\u202fqu\u2019un souvenir impr\u00e9cis de l\u2019importance du 9 mai 1950\u202f\u00bb, ce qui confirmait en fait la conviction de Collowald du r\u00f4le primordial de l\u2019information sur ces questions. Il r\u00e9suma son point de vue avec humilit\u00e9\u202f: \u00ab\u202fIl ne faut pas renoncer \u00e0 \u00e9tablir, ou \u00e0 r\u00e9tablir, des faits historiques, m\u00eame si l\u2019on risque de vexer un ami.\u202f\u00bb<\/p>\n

Paul Collowald s\u2019est \u00e9teint le 8 juillet \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e2ge de 102 ans.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

L\u2019auteur<\/strong><\/h2>\n
\"\"
G\u00e9rard Foussier (Copyright: priv\u00e9)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Licenci\u00e9 d\u2019allemand \u00e0 l\u2019universit\u00e9 de sa ville natale Orl\u00e9ans en 1969, G\u00e9rard Foussier a d\u00e9couvert sa passion pour les relations franco-allemandes gr\u00e2ce au jumelage avec M\u00fcnster en Westphalie. Apr\u00e8s une formation de journaliste au quotidien Westf\u00e4lische Nachrichten, il a travaill\u00e9 pendant trois d\u00e9cennies \u00e0 la radio allemande Deutsche Welle \u00e0 Cologne puis \u00e0 Bonn, avant d\u2019\u00eatre \u00e9lu en 2005 pr\u00e9sident du Bureau International de Liaison et de Documentation (B.I.L.D.). R\u00e9dacteur en chef de la revue bilingue Dokumente\/Documents pendant 13 ans, il est aussi l\u2019auteur de plusieurs ouvrages. Son dernier livre, Allemanderies, est sorti en janvier 2023. Il d\u00e9tient la double nationalit\u00e9 et est d\u00e9tenteur de l\u2019Ordre du M\u00e9rite allemand (Bundesverdienstkreuz).<\/em><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/h2>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Journaliste, Paul Collowald a consacr\u00e9 sa vie \u00e0 d\u00e9crypter la relation franco-allemande et \u00e0 raconter l\u2019histoire de la construction europ\u00e9enne. Il s\u2019est \u00e9teint en juillet dernier, \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e2ge de 102 ans.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":31364,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[117],"tags":[3029,2123,3017,3019,1937,3014,3026,3016,3015,3025,2289,3024,3012,3028,3022,3027,3023,1767,865,3018,3020,3010,3021,3013,3011,2151],"ppma_author":[1735],"class_list":["post-31363","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-politique-fr-3","tag-aristide-briand-fr","tag-b-i-l-d-fr","tag-charbon-et-acier","tag-commission-europeenne","tag-conseil-de-leurope","tag-construction-europeenne","tag-culture-europeenne","tag-declaration-du-9-mai-1950","tag-esprit","tag-etats-unis-deurope","tag-euroscepticisme","tag-fernand-braudel","tag-gerard-foussier","tag-histoire-franco-allemande","tag-ideal-europeen","tag-information-europeenne","tag-jeunesse-europeenne","tag-joseph-rovan","tag-konrad-adenauer","tag-le-monde","tag-parlement-europeen","tag-paul-collowald","tag-pierre-pflimlin","tag-reconciliation-franco-allemande","tag-robert-schuman","tag-solidarite-europeenne"],"yoast_head":"\nL\u2019esprit de Robert Schuman - dokdoc.eu<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/dokdoc.eu\/fr\/2025\/10\/29\/lesprit-de-robert-schuman\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"L\u2019esprit de Robert Schuman - dokdoc.eu\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Journaliste, Paul Collowald a consacr\u00e9 sa vie \u00e0 d\u00e9crypter la relation franco-allemande et \u00e0 raconter l\u2019histoire de la construction europ\u00e9enne. Il s\u2019est \u00e9teint en juillet dernier, \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e2ge de 102 ans.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/dokdoc.eu\/fr\/2025\/10\/29\/lesprit-de-robert-schuman\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"dokdoc.eu\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2025-10-29T16:44:26+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-10-29T21:47:06+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/dokdoc.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/1_1650027277684_20190108_EP-080520A_PBU_127_MOBILE.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"767\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"511\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"G\u00e9rard Foussier\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u00c9crit par\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"RochowMedienagentur\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"7 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/dokdoc.eu\\\/fr\\\/2025\\\/10\\\/29\\\/lesprit-de-robert-schuman\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/dokdoc.eu\\\/fr\\\/2025\\\/10\\\/29\\\/lesprit-de-robert-schuman\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"RochowMedienagentur\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/dokdoc.eu\\\/fr\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/d760e6e53df901fd9522f1d3a1e46621\"},\"headline\":\"L\u2019esprit de Robert Schuman\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-10-29T16:44:26+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-10-29T21:47:06+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/dokdoc.eu\\\/fr\\\/2025\\\/10\\\/29\\\/lesprit-de-robert-schuman\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":1253,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/dokdoc.eu\\\/fr\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/dokdoc.eu\\\/fr\\\/2025\\\/10\\\/29\\\/lesprit-de-robert-schuman\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/dokdoc.eu\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/10\\\/1_1650027277684_20190108_EP-080520A_PBU_127_MOBILE.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"Aristide Briand\",\"B.I.L.D.\",\"charbon et acier\",\"Commission europ\u00e9enne\",\"Conseil de l\u2019Europe\",\"construction europ\u00e9enne\",\"culture europ\u00e9enne\",\"d\u00e9claration du 9 mai 1950\",\"Esprit\",\"\u00c9tats-Unis d\u2019Europe\",\"euroscepticisme\",\"Fernand Braudel\",\"G\u00e9rard Foussier\",\"histoire franco-allemande\",\"id\u00e9al europ\u00e9en\",\"information europ\u00e9enne\",\"jeunesse europ\u00e9enne\",\"Joseph Rovan\",\"Konrad Adenauer\",\"Le Monde\",\"Parlement europ\u00e9en\",\"Paul Collowald\",\"Pierre Pflimlin\",\"r\u00e9conciliation franco-allemande\",\"Robert Schuman\",\"solidarit\u00e9 europ\u00e9enne\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Politique\"],\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/dokdoc.eu\\\/fr\\\/2025\\\/10\\\/29\\\/lesprit-de-robert-schuman\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/dokdoc.eu\\\/fr\\\/2025\\\/10\\\/29\\\/lesprit-de-robert-schuman\\\/\",\"name\":\"L\u2019esprit de Robert Schuman - dokdoc.eu\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/dokdoc.eu\\\/fr\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/dokdoc.eu\\\/fr\\\/2025\\\/10\\\/29\\\/lesprit-de-robert-schuman\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/dokdoc.eu\\\/fr\\\/2025\\\/10\\\/29\\\/lesprit-de-robert-schuman\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/dokdoc.eu\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/10\\\/1_1650027277684_20190108_EP-080520A_PBU_127_MOBILE.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-10-29T16:44:26+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-10-29T21:47:06+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/dokdoc.eu\\\/fr\\\/2025\\\/10\\\/29\\\/lesprit-de-robert-schuman\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/dokdoc.eu\\\/fr\\\/2025\\\/10\\\/29\\\/lesprit-de-robert-schuman\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/dokdoc.eu\\\/fr\\\/2025\\\/10\\\/29\\\/lesprit-de-robert-schuman\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/dokdoc.eu\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/10\\\/1_1650027277684_20190108_EP-080520A_PBU_127_MOBILE.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/dokdoc.eu\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/10\\\/1_1650027277684_20190108_EP-080520A_PBU_127_MOBILE.jpg\",\"width\":767,\"height\":511,\"caption\":\"Paul Collowald lors d'une table ronde autour du livre \\\"Paul Collowad. 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